Psoriatic Arthritis

Overview

Psoriatic arthritis is a chronic inflammatory condition that affects some people with psoriasis, a skin disorder characterized by red, scaly patches. Psoriatic arthritis can cause pain, stiffness, and swelling in the joints, as well as other symptoms. It typically affects the joints of the hands, feet, knees, and spine, but it can also affect other parts of the body.

Symptoms

The symptoms of psoriatic arthritis may vary from person to person, but common signs and symptoms include:

• Joint pain and stiffness: Psoriatic arthritis can cause pain, tenderness, and stiffness in the joints, making it difficult to move.
• Swollen joints: The affected joints may become swollen and warm to the touch.
• Skin changes: Psoriasis-related skin changes, such as red, scaly patches, may be present in addition to joint symptoms.
• Fatigue: Many people with psoriatic arthritis experience fatigue, which can affect their daily activities and quality of life.
• Nail changes: Psoriatic arthritis can cause changes in the nails, including pitting, ridges, or separation from the nail bed.

Causes

The exact cause of psoriatic arthritis is unknown, but it is believed to involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Having psoriasis increases the risk of developing psoriatic arthritis. In some cases, joint injury or an infection may trigger the onset of psoriatic arthritis in individuals with a genetic predisposition.

Treatment

Psoriatic arthritis is a chronic condition that requires long-term management. The goals of treatment are to control inflammation, relieve symptoms, prevent joint damage, and improve quality of life. Treatment options may include:

• Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): These medications can help reduce pain and inflammation in the joints.
• Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs): DMARDs, such as methotrexate or sulfasalazine, can help slow down the progression of the disease and preserve joint function.
• Biologic drugs: Biologic medications, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors or interleukin inhibitors, target specific molecules involved in the immune response to reduce inflammation.
• Physical therapy: Physical therapy exercises and techniques can help improve joint mobility, strength, and overall function.
• Lifestyle modifications: Maintaining a healthy lifestyle, including regular exercise, a balanced diet, stress management, and adequate rest, can help manage symptoms and improve overall well-being.

Self-Care

In addition to medical treatment, self-care practices can play an important role in managing psoriatic arthritis:

• Manage stress: Find healthy ways to cope with stress, such as practicing relaxation techniques or engaging in hobbies and activities you enjoy.
• Exercise regularly: Regular exercise, such as low-impact activities like walking or swimming, can help improve joint mobility, reduce stiffness, and strengthen muscles.
• Maintain a healthy weight: Excess weight can put additional stress on the joints, so maintaining a healthy weight can help reduce symptoms and prevent joint damage.
• Protect your joints: Use proper body mechanics and joint protection techniques during activities that involve repetitive motions or joint stress.
• Get regular check-ups: Regularly visit your healthcare provider to monitor your condition, assess treatment effectiveness, and make any necessary adjustments.

Remember, everyone’s experience with psoriatic arthritis is unique, so it’s important to work closely with your healthcare team to develop a personalized treatment plan that meets your specific needs.