Lichen Planus

Overview

Lichen planus is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that can affect the skin, mucous membranes, hair, and nails. It appears as itchy, flat-topped, purplish bumps or rashes on the skin, and may also cause white lacy patches or sores in the mouth or other affected areas.

Symptoms

The symptoms of lichen planus can vary depending on the affected area, but common signs include:

• Skin Lesions: Lichen planus typically presents as small, shiny, purplish or reddish-brown bumps on the skin. They may have fine white lines or patterns on them.
• Itching: The affected areas may be itchy, causing discomfort and a desire to scratch.
• Mouth Sores: In oral lichen planus, white, lacy patches or painful sores may develop inside the mouth, on the tongue, gums, or cheeks.
• Nail Changes: Lichen planus can cause ridges, grooves, or pitting in the nails, or even thinning or loss of the nails in severe cases.
• Hair Loss: Rarely, lichen planus can lead to hair loss or scarring of the scalp.

Causes

The exact cause of lichen planus is unknown, but it is believed to involve an abnormal immune response. Certain factors, such as viral infections, certain medications, or allergens, may trigger or worsen lichen planus in susceptible individuals.

Treatment

Treatment for lichen planus aims to relieve symptoms, promote healing, and prevent complications. It may include:

• Topical Medications: Corticosteroid creams or ointments may be prescribed to reduce inflammation and relieve itching.
• Oral Medications: In more severe cases or when oral lesions are present, oral corticosteroids or other immunosuppressant medications may be prescribed.
• Antihistamines: These medications can help alleviate itching and promote better sleep.
• Topical Anesthetics: Oral lichen planus may be treated with topical anesthetics or mouth rinses to relieve pain and discomfort.
• Lifestyle Measures: Good oral hygiene, avoiding triggers or irritants, and managing stress can help in managing lichen planus symptoms.

Self-Care

In addition to medical treatment, self-care measures can help manage lichen planus:

• Avoid Triggers: Identify and avoid any triggers that worsen your symptoms, such as certain medications or oral hygiene products.
• Maintain Oral Hygiene: Practice good oral hygiene by brushing your teeth gently, using a soft toothbrush, and avoiding irritants like alcohol-based mouthwashes.
• Moisturize Skin: Keep your skin well-moisturized to help alleviate dryness and itching.
• Protect Skin: Avoid scratching or picking at the lesions to prevent infection or further irritation.
• Regular Follow-up: Stay in touch with your dermatologist for regular follow-up appointments to monitor your condition and adjust treatment if needed.

It’s important to consult with a dermatologist for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment plan for lichen planus. They can provide personalized guidance and monitor your progress to help manage the condition effectively.