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Melasma

Overview

Melasma is a common skin condition characterized by patches of dark, discolored skin. It typically appears on the face, especially on the cheeks, forehead, nose, and upper lip. Melasma is more common in women, particularly during pregnancy or while taking hormonal contraceptives. Sun exposure and genetic factors can also contribute to its development.

Symptoms

The main symptom of melasma is the presence of dark, irregularly shaped patches on the skin. These patches are typically brown or gray in color and may vary in size. Melasma does not cause any physical discomfort, but it can be a source of concern due to its impact on appearance.

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Melanoma

Overview

Melanoma is a type of skin cancer that develops from melanocytes, the cells that produce pigment (melanin) in the skin. It is the most dangerous form of skin cancer due to its ability to spread (metastasize) to other parts of the body. Melanoma is often caused by excessive exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, including sunlight and tanning beds.

Symptoms

Melanoma can occur anywhere on the body, including areas not exposed to the sun. It may appear as a new mole or a change in an existing mole. The ABCDE rule can help identify potential signs of melanoma:

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Lyme Disease

Overview

Lyme disease is a tick-borne illness caused by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi. It is primarily transmitted through the bite of infected black-legged ticks, commonly known as deer ticks. Lyme disease can affect multiple systems in the body, including the skin, joints, heart, and nervous system.

Symptoms

The symptoms of Lyme disease can vary, and not all individuals will experience the same signs. Common symptoms include:

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Lupus

Overview

Lupus, also known as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), is a chronic autoimmune disease that can affect multiple organs and systems in the body. It occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissues, leading to inflammation and damage. Lupus primarily affects the skin, joints, kidneys, heart, lungs, brain, and blood cells.

Symptoms

The symptoms of lupus can vary widely from person to person, but common signs and symptoms include:

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Lichen Planus

Overview

Lichen planus is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that can affect the skin, mucous membranes, hair, and nails. It appears as itchy, flat-topped, purplish bumps or rashes on the skin, and may also cause white lacy patches or sores in the mouth or other affected areas.

Symptoms

The symptoms of lichen planus can vary depending on the affected area, but common signs include:

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